Bezpečný režim
Parsing command line: optimization is evil!
One thing all contributors on this page forgotten is that you can suround an argv with single or double quotes. So the join coupled together with the preg_match_all will always break that :)
Here is a proposal:
#!/usr/bin/php
<?php
print_r(arguments($argv));
function arguments ( $args )
{
array_shift( $args );
$endofoptions = false;
$ret = array
(
'commands' => array(),
'options' => array(),
'flags' => array(),
'arguments' => array(),
);
while ( $arg = array_shift($args) )
{
// if we have reached end of options,
//we cast all remaining argvs as arguments
if ($endofoptions)
{
$ret['arguments'][] = $arg;
continue;
}
// Is it a command? (prefixed with --)
if ( substr( $arg, 0, 2 ) === '--' )
{
// is it the end of options flag?
if (!isset ($arg[3]))
{
$endofoptions = true;; // end of options;
continue;
}
$value = "";
$com = substr( $arg, 2 );
// is it the syntax '--option=argument'?
if (strpos($com,'='))
list($com,$value) = split("=",$com,2);
// is the option not followed by another option but by arguments
elseif (strpos($args[0],'-') !== 0)
{
while (strpos($args[0],'-') !== 0)
$value .= array_shift($args).' ';
$value = rtrim($value,' ');
}
$ret['options'][$com] = !empty($value) ? $value : true;
continue;
}
// Is it a flag or a serial of flags? (prefixed with -)
if ( substr( $arg, 0, 1 ) === '-' )
{
for ($i = 1; isset($arg[$i]) ; $i++)
$ret['flags'][] = $arg[$i];
continue;
}
// finally, it is not option, nor flag, nor argument
$ret['commands'][] = $arg;
continue;
}
if (!count($ret['options']) && !count($ret['flags']))
{
$ret['arguments'] = array_merge($ret['commands'], $ret['arguments']);
$ret['commands'] = array();
}
return $ret;
}
exit (0)
/* vim: set expandtab tabstop=2 shiftwidth=2: */
?>
Možnosti PHP při spouštění z příkazové řádky přinášejí mnoho užitku, pokud chcete ladit nebo testovat vaše nastavení PHP, hodí se však i pro případy, kdy byste rádi použili PHP pro jiné účely než WWW skriptování.
Uvědomte si, že můžete vždy směrovat výstup programu PHP do vnějšího souboru pomocí znaku >, takže php -q test.php > test.html vytiskne výstup test.php bez HTTP hlaviček do test.html ve stejném adresáři.
Možnosti příkazové řádky můžete využívat pouze tehdy, máte-li (spustitelný) program PHP. Pokud jste zkompilovali pouze modul do serveru a nemáte na počítači žádnou CGI verzi, nemůžete příkazovou řádku používat. Pro uživatele Windows je v binárním balíčku jak serverový modul, tak spustitelný soubor nazvaný php.exe.
Tento seznem voleb pro příkazovou řádku je konzistentní s PHP 4.0.6. Aktuální seznam včetně jednořádkových popisů můžete získat pomocí parametru -h. Výstup php -h by měl vypadat přibližně takto:
Usage: php [-q] [-h] [-s [-v] [-i] [-f <file>] | {<file> [args...]}
-q Quiet-mode. Suppress HTTP Header output.
-s Display colour syntax highlighted source.
-f <file> Parse <file>. Implies `-q'
-v Version number
-C Do not chdir to the script's directory
-c <path> Look for php.ini file in this directory
-d foo[=bar] Define INI entry foo with value 'bar'
-e Generate extended information for debugger/profiler
-z <file> Load Zend extension <file>.
-l Syntax check only (lint)
-m Show compiled in modules
-i PHP information
-h This help
Zde uvádíme některé z nejdůležitějších voleb s detailním vysvětlením.
Tabulka 43.1. Volby pro příkazovou řádku
| Volba | Popis |
|---|---|
| -q | Potlačí výstup HTTP hlaviček. Normálně PHP tiskne HTTP hlavičky pro volající program (typicky WWW server) k předání prohlížeči. Při použití pro aplikace spouštěné z příkazové řádky nemají hlavičky smysl. |
| -s | Zobrazí barevně vysvícený zdrojový soubor s daným názvem. Je to totéž, jako když se zdroj vytiskne pomocí funkce highlight_file() v PHP skriptu. |
| -f | Parsuje daný soubor a hledá syntaktické a fatální chyby. Tato volba implikuje -q. Použijte pro ladicí účely (debugging). |
| -v | Zavoláním PHP s tímto přepínačem si můžete vypsat číslo verze, např. 4.0.6. |
| -C | Za normálních okolností PHP mění pracovní adresář na ten, kde se nachází spouštěný skript. To například umožňuje otvírat soubory ve stejném adresáři určením pouhého názvu souboru (bez cesty). Pokud byste toto chtěli potlačit, použijte tuto volbu. |
| -c | Použitím tohoto argumentu můžete specifikovat alternativní umístění souboru php.ini, takže PHP bude hledat konfigurační soubor zde namísto implicitního umístění. |
| -d | Touto volbou můžete provést individuální nastavení php.ini během provádění skriptu. |
| -l | Otestuje daný soubor na syntaktické chyby. Tato volba implikuje -q. Použijte ji pro účely ladění. Nebudou se hledat fatální chyby (jako jsou nedefinované funkce). Pokud chcete hledat i fatální chyby, použijte -f. |
| -m | Použitím této volby PHP vypíše zabudované (a načtené) PHP a Zend moduly, čísla verzí PHP a Zend, a také krátkou informaci o autorských právech k jádru Zend. |
| -i | Tento přepínač zavolá funkci phpinfo() a vypíše její výsledek. Pokud PHP nepracuje správně, je dobré spustit php -i a podívat se, zda se nevypsala nějaká chybová hlášení před nebo uvnitř informačních tabulek. |
| -h | Touto volbou získáte informace o aktuálních volbách příkazové řádky a jednořádkové popisy o tom, co dělají. |
Spustitelná verze PHP může být použita pro spouštění skriptů absolutně nezávisle na webovském serveru. Pokud jste na unixovém systému, můžete do PHP skriptu přidat speciální první řádek a udělat z něj spustitelný program - systém bude vědět, jaký program by měl skript zpracovávat. Na Windows můžete asociovat php.exe -q se souborovou příponou .php (pro spouštění dvojklikem), nebo můžete vytvořit dávkový soubor pro spuštění skriptu přes PHP. První řádek skriptu pro práci v Unixu nebude ve Windows vadit, takže tímto způsobem můžete psát programy pro více platforem. Jednoduchý příklad psaní PHP programu pro příkazovou řádku je uveden níže.
Příklad 43.1. Skript určený ke spouštění z příkazové řádky (script.php)
#!/usr/bin/php -q
<?php
if ($argc != 2 || in_array($argv[1], array('--help', '-help', '-h', '-?'))) {
?>
This is a command line PHP script with one option.
Usage:
<?php echo $argv[0]; ?> <option>
<option> can be some word you would like
to print out. With the --help, -help, -h,
or -? options, you can get this help.
<?php
} else {
echo $argv[1];
}
?>
Ve výše uvedeném skriptu jsme použili speciální první řádek k indikaci, že by tento soubor měl být spouštěn pomocí PHP a neměl by vypisovat HTTP hlavičky. Jsou zde dvě proměnné, které můžete použít při psaní aplikací pro PHP spouštěných z příkazové řádky: $argc a $argv. První z nich je počet argumentů + 1 (název běžícího skriptu). Druhá je pole obsahující argumenty, počínaje názvem skriptu jako číslo 0 ($argv[0]).
V ukázkovém programu se testuje, zda je argumentů více či méně než jeden. Pokud by argument byl --help, -help, -h nebo -?, vytiskne se nápověda k programu včetně skutečného názvu skriptu. Pokud by byly přidány nějaké další argumenty, vytisknou se na výstup.
Pokud byste chtěli spouštět uvedený skript pod Unixem, musíte ho udělat spustitelným (nastavit práva pro spouštění), a pak jednoduše napsat script.php vypis_tohle nebo script.php -h. Na Windows musíte pro tento úkol vytvořit dávkový soubor:
Příklad 43.2. Dávkový soubor pro spouštění PHP skriptu z příkazové řádky (script.bat)
@c:\php\php.exe -q script.php %1 %2 %3 %4
Za předpokladu, že jste výše uvedený program nazvali script.php a soubor php.exe máte uložený jako c:\php\php.exe, můžete tento dávkový soubor spouštět takto: script.bat echothis nebo script.bat -h.
Viz také dokumentaci rozšíření Readline, kde najdete více funkcí pro použití k aplikacím PHP spouštěných z příkazové řádky.
add a note
User Contributed NotesPoužití PHP z příkazové řádky
thomas dot harding at laposte dot net
15-Jun-2008 12:08
15-Jun-2008 12:08
mortals at seznam dot cz
07-May-2008 10:08
07-May-2008 10:08
If a module SAPI is chosen during configure, such as apxs, or the --disable-cgi option is used, the CLI is copied to {PREFIX}/bin/php during make install otherwise the CGI is placed there.
versus
Changed CGI install target to php-cgi and 'make install' to install CLI when CGI is selected. (changelog for 5.2.3)
http://www.php.net/ChangeLog-5.php#5.2.3
safak ozpinar
29-Feb-2008 03:32
29-Feb-2008 03:32
When you want to get inputs from STDIN, you may use this function if you like using C coding style.
<?php
// up to 8 variables
function scanf($format, &$a0=NULL, &$a1=NULL, &$a2=NULL, &$a3=NULL,
&$a4=NULL, &$a5=NULL, &$a6=NULL, &$a7=NULL)
{
$num_args = func_num_args();
if($num_args > 1) {
$inputs = fscanf(STDIN, $format);
for($i=0; $i<$num_args-1; $i++) {
$arg = 'a'.$i;
$$arg = $inputs[$i];
}
}
}
scanf("%d", $number);
?>
Anonymous
17-Feb-2008 06:29
17-Feb-2008 06:29
I find regex and manually breaking up the arguments instead of havingon $_SERVER['argv'] to do it more flexiable this way.
cli_test.php asdf asdf --help --dest=/var/ -asd -h --option mew arf moo -z
Array
(
[input] => Array
(
[0] => asdf
[1] => asdf
)
[commands] => Array
(
[help] => 1
[dest] => /var/
[option] => mew arf moo
)
[flags] => Array
(
[0] => asd
[1] => h
[2] => z
)
)
<?php
function arguments ( $args )
{
array_shift( $args );
$args = join( $args, ' ' );
preg_match_all('/ (--\w+ (?:[= ] [^-]+ [^\s-] )? ) | (-\w+) | (\w+) /x', $args, $match );
$args = array_shift( $match );
/*
Array
(
[0] => asdf
[1] => asdf
[2] => --help
[3] => --dest=/var/
[4] => -asd
[5] => -h
[6] => --option mew arf moo
[7] => -z
)
*/
$ret = array(
'input' => array(),
'commands' => array(),
'flags' => array()
);
foreach ( $args as $arg ) {
// Is it a command? (prefixed with --)
if ( substr( $arg, 0, 2 ) === '--' ) {
$value = preg_split( '/[= ]/', $arg, 2 );
$com = substr( array_shift($value), 2 );
$value = join($value);
$ret['commands'][$com] = !empty($value) ? $value : true;
continue;
}
// Is it a flag? (prefixed with -)
if ( substr( $arg, 0, 1 ) === '-' ) {
$ret['flags'][] = substr( $arg, 1 );
continue;
}
$ret['input'][] = $arg;
continue;
}
return $ret;
}
print_r( arguments( $argv ) );
?>
technorati at gmail dot com
12-Feb-2008 03:21
12-Feb-2008 03:21
Here's an update to the script a couple of people gave below to read arguments from $argv of the form --name=VALUE and -flag. Changes include:
Don't use $_ARG - $_ is generally considered reserved for the engine.
Don't use regex where a string operation will do just as nicely
Don't overwrite --name=VALUE with -flag when 'name' and 'flag' are the same thing
Allow for VALUE that has an equals sign in it
function arguments($argv) {
$ARG = array();
foreach ($argv as $arg) {
if (strpos($arg, '--') === 0) {
$compspec = explode('=', $arg);
$key = str_replace('--', '', array_shift($compspec));
$value = join('=', $compspec);
$ARG[$key] = $value;
} elseif (strpos($arg, '-') === 0) {
$key = str_replace('-', '', $arg);
if (!isset($ARG[$key])) $ARG[$key] = true;
}
}
return $ARG;
}
earomero _{at}_ gmail.com
29-Oct-2007 12:51
29-Oct-2007 12:51
Here's <losbrutos at free dot fr> function modified to support unix like param syntax like <B Crawford> mentions:
<?php
function arguments($argv) {
$_ARG = array();
foreach ($argv as $arg) {
if (preg_match('#^-{1,2}([a-zA-Z0-9]*)=?(.*)$#', $arg, $matches)) {
$key = $matches[1];
switch ($matches[2]) {
case '':
case 'true':
$arg = true;
break;
case 'false':
$arg = false;
break;
default:
$arg = $matches[2];
}
/* make unix like -afd == -a -f -d */
if(preg_match("/^-([a-zA-Z0-9]+)/", $matches[0], $match)) {
$string = $match[1];
for($i=0; strlen($string) > $i; $i++) {
$_ARG[$string[$i]] = true;
}
} else {
$_ARG[$key] = $arg;
}
} else {
$_ARG['input'][] = $arg;
}
}
return $_ARG;
}
?>
Sample:
eromero@ditto ~/workspace/snipplets $ foxogg2mp3.php asdf asdf --help --dest=/var/ -asd -h
Array
(
[input] => Array
(
[0] => /usr/local/bin/foxogg2mp3.php
[1] => asdf
[2] => asdf
)
[help] => 1
[dest] => /var/
[a] => 1
[s] => 1
[d] => 1
[h] => 1
)
james_s2010 at NOSPAM dot hotmail dot com
22-Oct-2007 11:11
22-Oct-2007 11:11
I was looking for a way to interactively get a single character response from user. Using STDIN with fread, fgets and such will only work after pressing enter. So I came up with this instead:
#!/usr/bin/php -q
<?php
function inKey($vals) {
$inKey = "";
While(!in_array($inKey,$vals)) {
$inKey = trim(`read -s -n1 valu;echo \$valu`);
}
return $inKey;
}
function echoAT($Row,$Col,$prompt="") {
// Display prompt at specific screen coords
echo "\033[".$Row.";".$Col."H".$prompt;
}
// Display prompt at position 10,10
echoAT(10,10,"Opt : ");
// Define acceptable responses
$options = array("1","2","3","4","X");
// Get user response
$key = inKey($options);
// Display user response & exit
echoAT(12,10,"Pressed : $key\n");
?>
Hope this helps someone.
B Crawford
22-Oct-2007 04:01
22-Oct-2007 04:01
I have not seen in this thread any code snippets that support the full *nix style argument parsing. Consider this:
<?php
print_r(getArgs($_SERVER['argv']));
function getArgs($args) {
$out = array();
$last_arg = null;
for($i = 1, $il = sizeof($args); $i < $il; $i++) {
if( (bool)preg_match("/^--(.+)/", $args[$i], $match) ) {
$parts = explode("=", $match[1]);
$key = preg_replace("/[^a-z0-9]+/", "", $parts[0]);
if(isset($parts[1])) {
$out[$key] = $parts[1];
}
else {
$out[$key] = true;
}
$last_arg = $key;
}
else if( (bool)preg_match("/^-([a-zA-Z0-9]+)/", $args[$i], $match) ) {
for( $j = 0, $jl = strlen($match[1]); $j < $jl; $j++ ) {
$key = $match[1]{$j};
$out[$key] = true;
}
$last_arg = $key;
}
else if($last_arg !== null) {
$out[$last_arg] = $args[$i];
}
}
return $out;
}
/*
php file.php --foo=bar -abc -AB 'hello world' --baz
produces:
Array
(
[foo] => bar
[a] => true
[b] => true
[c] => true
[A] => true
[B] => hello world
[baz] => true
)
*/
?>
losbrutos at free dot fr
27-Sep-2007 02:54
27-Sep-2007 02:54
an another "another variant" :
<?php
function arguments($argv)
{
$_ARG = array();
foreach ($argv as $arg)
{
if (preg_match('#^-{1,2}([a-zA-Z0-9]*)=?(.*)$#', $arg, $matches))
{
$key = $matches[1];
switch ($matches[2])
{
case '':
case 'true':
$arg = true;
break;
case 'false':
$arg = false;
break;
default:
$arg = $matches[2];
}
$_ARG[$key] = $arg;
}
else
{
$_ARG['input'][] = $arg;
}
}
return $_ARG;
}
?>
$php myscript.php arg1 -arg2=val2 --arg3=arg3 -arg4 --arg5 -arg6=false
Array
(
[input] => Array
(
[0] => myscript.php
[1] => arg1
)
[arg2] => val2
[arg3] => arg3
[arg4] => true
[arg5] => true
[arg5] => false
)
dino (at) asttra (dot) com (dot) br
16-Aug-2007 09:24
16-Aug-2007 09:24
For those who was unable to clear the windows screen trying to run CLS command:
CLS is not an windows executable file! It is an option from command.com!
So, the rigth command is
system("command /C cls");
lucas dot vasconcelos at gmail dot com
22-Jul-2007 08:04
22-Jul-2007 08:04
Just another variant of previous script that group arguments doesn't starts with '-' or '--'
function arguments($argv) {
$_ARG = array();
foreach ($argv as $arg) {
if (ereg('--([^=]+)=(.*)',$arg,$reg)) {
$_ARG[$reg[1]] = $reg[2];
} elseif(ereg('^-([a-zA-Z0-9])',$arg,$reg)) {
$_ARG[$reg[1]] = 'true';
} else {
$_ARG['input'][]=$arg;
}
}
return $_ARG;
}
$ php myscript.php --user=nobody /etc/apache2/*
Array
(
[input] => Array
(
[0] => myscript.php
[1] => /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
[2] => /etc/apache2/conf.d
[3] => /etc/apache2/envvars
[4] => /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
[5] => /etc/apache2/mods-available
[6] => /etc/apache2/mods-enabled
[7] => /etc/apache2/ports.conf
[8] => /etc/apache2/sites-available
[9] => /etc/apache2/sites-enabled
)
[user] => nobody
)
bluej100@gmail
25-Jun-2007 08:02
25-Jun-2007 08:02
In 5.1.2 (and others, I assume), the -f form silently drops the first argument after the script name from $_SERVER['argv']. I'd suggest avoiding it unless you need it for a special case.
eric dot brison at anakeen dot com
04-Jun-2007 02:16
04-Jun-2007 02:16
Just a variant of previous script to accept arguments with '=' also
<?php
function arguments($argv) {
$_ARG = array();
foreach ($argv as $arg) {
if (ereg('--([^=]+)=(.*)',$arg,$reg)) {
$_ARG[$reg[1]] = $reg[2];
} elseif(ereg('-([a-zA-Z0-9])',$arg,$reg)) {
$_ARG[$reg[1]] = 'true';
}
}
return $_ARG;
}
?>
$ php myscript.php --user=nobody --password=secret -p --access="host=127.0.0.1 port=456"
Array
(
[user] => nobody
[password] => secret
[p] => true
[access] => host=127.0.0.1 port=456
)
contact at nlindblad dot org
12-May-2007 11:55
12-May-2007 11:55
While working with command line scripts it is tedious to handle the arguments in a numerated array.
The following code will:
If the argument is of the form –NAME=VALUE it will be represented in the array as an element with the key NAME and the value VALUE. I the argument is a flag of the form -NAME it will be represented as a boolean with the name NAME with a value of true in the associative array.
<?php
function arguments($argv) {
$_ARG = array();
foreach ($argv as $arg) {
if (ereg('--[a-zA-Z0-9]*=.*',$arg)) {
$str = split("=",$arg); $arg = '';
$key = ereg_replace("--",'',$str[0]);
for ( $i = 1; $i < count($str); $i++ ) {
$arg .= $str[$i];
}
$_ARG[$key] = $arg;
} elseif(ereg('-[a-zA-Z0-9]',$arg)) {
$arg = ereg_replace("-",'',$arg);
$_ARG[$arg] = 'true';
}
}
return $_ARG;
}
?>
Example:
<?php print_r(arguments($argv)); ?>
# php5 myscript.php --user=nobody --password=secret -p
Array
(
[user] => nobody
[password] => secret
[p] => true
)
Jouni
09-Apr-2007 12:27
09-Apr-2007 12:27
I had a problem with PHP 5.2.0 (cli) (winXP) that no output was printed when I tried to run any file. Using the -n switch solved the problem.
Apparently the interpreter can't always find php.ini, even though both exist in the same folder and the PATH variable is set correctly. No error messages were printed either.
rob
23-Mar-2007 08:48
23-Mar-2007 08:48
i use emacs in c-mode for editing. in 4.3, starting a cli script like so:
#!/usr/bin/php -q /* -*- c -*- */
<?php
told emacs to drop into c-mode automatically when i loaded the file for editing. the '-q' flag didn't actually do anything (in the older cgi versions, it suppressed html output when the script was run) but it caused the commented mode line to be ignored by php.
in 5.2, '-q' has apparently been deprecated. replace it with '--' to achieve the 4.3 invocation-with-emacs-mode-line behavior:
#!/usr/bin/php -- /* -*- c -*- */
<?php
don't go back to your 4.3 system and replace '-q' with '--'; it seems to cause php to hang waiting on STDIN...
djcassis at gmail
09-Mar-2007 04:14
09-Mar-2007 04:14
To display colored text when it is actually supported :
<?php
echo "\033[31m".$myvar; // red foreground
echo "\033[41m".$myvar; // red background
?>
To reset these settings :
<?php
echo "\033[0m";
?>
More fun :
<?php
echo "\033[5;30m;\033[48mWARNING !"; // black blinking text over red background
?>
More info here : http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Bash-Prompt-HOWTO/x329.html
jsa1971 at gmail dot com
06-Mar-2007 05:03
06-Mar-2007 05:03
python coders might miss this construct when working in PHP:
if __name__=='__main__':
# handle direct invocation from command line
it's a great way to embed little bits of test code (or a full-on cli for that matter),
while keeping the source file usable in other contexts.
Far as I can tell, this is the closest approximation available in PHP5:
if ('cli'===php_sapi_name() &&
__FILE__===realpath(
getcwd().DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.$_SERVER['argv'][0]
)) {
// handle direct invocation from command line
}
jgraef at users dot sf dot net
26-Nov-2006 05:46
26-Nov-2006 05:46
Hi,
This function clears the screen, like "clear screen"
<?php
function clearscreen($out = TRUE) {
$clearscreen = chr(27)."[H".chr(27)."[2J";
if ($out) print $clearscreen;
else return $clearscreen;
}
?>
goalain eat gmail dont com
14-Nov-2006 09:57
14-Nov-2006 09:57
An addition to my previous post (you can replace it)
If your php script doesn't run with shebang (#!/usr/bin/php),
and it issues the beautifull and informative error message:
"Command not found." just dos2unix yourscript.php
et voila.
If you still get the "Command not found."
Just try to run it as ./myscript.php , with the "./"
if it works - it means your current directory is not in the executable search path.
If your php script doesn't run with shebang (#/usr/bin/php),
and it issues the beautifull and informative message:
"Invalid null command." it's probably because the "!" is missing in the the shebang line (like what's above) or something else in that area.
\Alon
16-Sep-2006 08:05
It seems like 'max_execution_time' doesn't work on CLI.
<?php
php -d max_execution_time=20
-r '$foo = ini_get("max_execution_time"); var_dump($foo);'
?>
will print string(2) "20", but if you'l run infinity while: while(true) for example, it wouldn't stop after 20 seconds.
Testes on Linux Gentoo, PHP 5.1.6.
hobby6_at_hotmail.com
16-Sep-2006 12:59
16-Sep-2006 12:59
On windows, you can simulate a cls by echoing out just \r. This will keep the cursor on the same line and overwrite what was on the line.
for example:
<?php
echo "Starting Iteration" . "\n\r";
for ($i=0;$i<10000;$i++) {
echo "\r" . $i;
}
echo "Ending Iteration" . "\n\r";
?>
goalain eat gmail dont com
21-Aug-2006 09:20
21-Aug-2006 09:20
If your php script doesn't run with shebang (#!/usr/bin/php),
and it issues the beautifull and informative error message:
"Command not found." just dos2unix yourscript.php
et voila.
If your php script doesn't run with shebang (#/usr/bin/php),
and it issues the beautifull and informative message:
"Invalid null command." it's probably because the "!" is missing in the the shebang line (like what's above) or something else in that area.
\Alon
stromdotcom at hotmail dot com
21-Feb-2006 07:27
21-Feb-2006 07:27
Spawning php-win.exe as a child process to handle scripting in Windows applications has a few quirks (all having to do with pipes between Windows apps and console apps).
To do this in C++:
// We will run php.exe as a child process after creating
// two pipes and attaching them to stdin and stdout
// of the child process
// Define sa struct such that child inherits our handles
SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES sa = { sizeof(SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES) };
sa.bInheritHandle = TRUE;
sa.lpSecurityDescriptor = NULL;
// Create the handles for our two pipes (two handles per pipe, one for each end)
// We will have one pipe for stdin, and one for stdout, each with a READ and WRITE end
HANDLE hStdoutRd, hStdoutWr, hStdinRd, hStdinWr;
// Now create the pipes, and make them inheritable
CreatePipe (&hStdoutRd, &hStdoutWr, &sa, 0))
SetHandleInformation(hStdoutRd, HANDLE_FLAG_INHERIT, 0);
CreatePipe (&hStdinRd, &hStdinWr, &sa, 0)
SetHandleInformation(hStdinWr, HANDLE_FLAG_INHERIT, 0);
// Now we have two pipes, we can create the process
// First, fill out the usage structs
STARTUPINFO si = { sizeof(STARTUPINFO) };
PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
si.hStdOutput = hStdoutWr;
si.hStdInput = hStdinRd;
// And finally, create the process
CreateProcess (NULL, "c:\\php\\php-win.exe", NULL, NULL, TRUE, NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS, NULL, NULL, &si, &pi);
// Close the handles we aren't using
CloseHandle(hStdoutWr);
CloseHandle(hStdinRd);
// Now that we have the process running, we can start pushing PHP at it
WriteFile(hStdinWr, "<?php echo 'test'; ?>", 9, &dwWritten, NULL);
// When we're done writing to stdin, we close that pipe
CloseHandle(hStdinWr);
// Reading from stdout is only slightly more complicated
int i;
std::string processed("");
char buf[128];
while ( (ReadFile(hStdoutRd, buf, 128, &dwRead, NULL) && (dwRead != 0)) ) {
for (i = 0; i < dwRead; i++)
processed += buf[i];
}
// Done reading, so close this handle too
CloseHandle(hStdoutRd);
A full implementation (implemented as a C++ class) is available at http://www.stromcode.com
drewish at katherinehouse dot com
25-Sep-2005 09:08
25-Sep-2005 09:08
When you're writing one line php scripts remember that 'php://stdin' is your friend. Here's a simple program I use to format PHP code for inclusion on my blog:
UNIX:
cat test.php | php -r "print htmlentities(file_get_contents('php://stdin'));"
DOS/Windows:
type test.php | php -r "print htmlentities(file_get_contents('php://stdin'));"
OverFlow636 at gmail dot com
19-Sep-2005 09:27
19-Sep-2005 09:27
I needed this, you proly wont tho.
puts the exicution args into $_GET
<?php
if ($argv) {
foreach ($argv as $k=>$v)
{
if ($k==0) continue;
$it = explode("=",$argv[$i]);
if (isset($it[1])) $_GET[$it[0]] = $it[1];
}
}
?>
php at schabdach dot de
16-Sep-2005 06:06
16-Sep-2005 06:06
To pass more than 9 arguments to your php-script on Windows, you can use the 'shift'-command in a batch file. After using 'shift', %1 becomes %0, %2 becomes %1 and so on - so you can fetch argument 10 etc.
Here's an example - hopefully ready-to-use - batch file:
foo.bat:
---------
@echo off
:init_arg
set args=
:get_arg
shift
if "%0"=="" goto :finish_arg
set args=%args% %0
goto :get_arg
:finish_arg
set php=C:\path\to\php.exe
set ini=C:\path\to\php.ini
%php% -c %ini% foo.php %args%
---------
Usage on commandline:
foo -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -foo -bar
A print_r($argv) will give you all of the passed arguments.
Lasse Johansson
18-Aug-2005 10:53
18-Aug-2005 10:53
Hi, parsing the commandline (argv) can be very simple in PHP.
If you use keyword parms like:
script.php parm1=value parm3=value
All you have to do in script.php is:
for ($i=1; $i < $argc; $i++) {parse_str($argv[$i]);}
$startup=compact('parm1', 'parm2', 'parm3');
docey
14-Jul-2005 02:44
14-Jul-2005 02:44
dunno if this is on linux the same but on windows evertime
you send somthing to the console screen php is waiting for
the console to return. therefor if you send a lot of small
short amounts of text, the console is starting to be using
more cpu-cycles then php and thus slowing the script.
take a look at this sheme:
cpu-cycle:1 ->php: print("a");
cpu-cycle:2 ->cmd: output("a");
cpu-cycle:3 ->php: print("b");
cpu-cycle:4 ->cmd: output("b");
cpu-cycle:5 ->php: print("c");
cpu-cycle:6 ->cmd: output("c");
cpu-cylce:7 ->php: print("d");
cpu-cycle:8 ->cmd: output("d");
cpu-cylce:9 ->php: print("e");
cpu-cycle:0 ->cmd: output("e");
on the screen just appears "abcde". but if you write
your script this way it will be far more faster:
cpu-cycle:1 ->php: ob_start();
cpu-cycle:2 ->php: print("abc");
cpu-cycle:3 ->php: print("de");
cpu-cycle:4 ->php: $data = ob_get_contents();
cpu-cycle:5 ->php: ob_end_clean();
cpu-cycle:6 ->php: print($data);
cpu-cycle:7 ->cmd: output("abcde");
now this is just a small example but if you are writing an
app that is outputting a lot to the console, i.e. a text
based screen with frequent updates, then its much better
to first cach all output, and output is as one big chunk of
text instead of one char a the time.
ouput buffering is ideal for this. in my script i outputted
almost 4000chars of info and just by caching it first, it
speeded up by almost 400% and dropped cpu-usage.
because what is being displayed doesn't matter, be it 2
chars or 40.0000 chars, just the call to output takes a
great deal of time. remeber that.
maybe someone can test if this is the same on unix-based
systems. it seems that the STDOUT stream just waits for
the console to report ready, before continueing execution.
wallacebw
24-Jun-2005 05:07
24-Jun-2005 05:07
For windows clearing the screen using "system('cls');" does not work (at least for me)...
Although this is not pretty it works... Simply send 24 newlines after the output (for one line of output, 23 for two, etc
Here is a sample function and usage:
function CLS($lines){ // $lines = number of lines of output to keep
for($i=24;$i>=$lines;$i--) @$return.="\n";
return $return;
}
fwrite(STDOUT,"Still Processing: Total Time ".$i." Minutes so far..." . CLS(1));
Hope This Helps,
Wallacebw
linus at flowingcreativity dot net
30-May-2005 04:32
30-May-2005 04:32
If you are using Windows XP (I think this works on 2000, too) and you want to be able to right-click a .php file and run it from the command line, follow these steps:
1. Run regedit.exe and *back up the registry.*
2. Open HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT and find the ".php" key.
IF IT EXISTS:
------------------
3. Look at the "(Default)" value inside it and find the key in HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT with that name.
4. Open the "shell" key inside that key. Skip to 8.
IF IT DOESN'T:
------------------
5. Add a ".php" key and set the "(Default)" value inside it to something like "phpscriptfile".
6. Create another key in HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT called "phpscriptfile" or whatever you chose.
7. Create a key inside that one called "shell".
8. Create a key inside that one called "run".
9. Set the "(Default)" value inside "run" to whatever you want the menu option to be (e.g. "Run").
10. Create a key inside "run" called "command".
11. Set the "(Default)" value inside "command" to:
cmd.exe /k C:\php\php.exe "%1"
Make sure the path to PHP is appropriate for your installation. Why not just run it with php.exe directly? Because you (presumably) want the console window to remain open after the script ends.
You don't need to set up a webserver for this to work. I downloaded PHP just so I could run scripts on my computer. Hope this is useful!
roberto dot dimas at gmail dot com
26-May-2005 10:52
26-May-2005 10:52
One of the things I like about perl and vbscripts, is the fact that I can name a file e.g. 'test.pl' and just have to type 'test, without the .pl extension' on the windows command line and the command processor knows that it is a perl file and executes it using the perl command interpreter.
I did the same with the file extension .php3 (I will use php3 exclusivelly for command line php scripts, I'm doing this because my text editor VIM 6.3 already has the correct syntax highlighting for .php3 files ).
I modified the PATHEXT environment variable in Windows XP, from the " 'system' control panel applet->'Advanced' tab->'Environment Variables' button-> 'System variables' text area".
Then from control panel "Folder Options" applet-> 'File Types' tab, I added a new file extention (php3), using the button 'New' and typing php3 in the window that pops up.
Then in the 'Details for php3 extention' area I used the 'Change' button to look for the Php.exe executable so that the php3 file extentions are associated with the php executable.
You have to modify also the 'PATH' environment variable, pointing to the folder where the php executable is installed
Hope this is useful to somebody
diego dot rodrigues at poli dot usp dot br
03-May-2005 05:29
03-May-2005 05:29
#!/usr/bin/php -q
<?
/**********************************************
* Simple argv[] parser for CLI scripts
* Diego Mendes Rodrigues - So Paulo - Brazil
* diego.m.rodrigues [at] gmail [dot] com
* May/2005
**********************************************/
class arg_parser {
var $argc;
var $argv;
var $parsed;
var $force_this;
function arg_parser($force_this="") {
global $argc, $argv;
$this->argc = $argc;
$this->argv = $argv;
$this->parsed = array();
array_push($this->parsed,
array($this->argv[0]) );
if ( !empty($force_this) )
if ( is_array($force_this) )
$this->force_this = $force_this;
//Sending parameters to $parsed
if ( $this->argc > 1 ) {
for($i=1 ; $i< $this->argc ; $i++) {
//We only have passed -xxxx
if ( substr($this->argv[$i],0,1) == "-" ) {
//Se temos -xxxx xxxx
if ( $this->argc > ($i+1) ) {
if ( substr($this->argv[$i+1],0,1) != "-" ) {
array_push($this->parsed,
array($this->argv[$i],
$this->argv[$i+1]) );
$i++;
continue;
}
}
}
//We have passed -xxxxx1 xxxxx2
array_push($this->parsed,
array($this->argv[$i]) );
}
}
//Testing if all necessary parameters have been passed
$this->force();
}
//Testing if one parameter have benn passed
function passed($argumento) {
for($i=0 ; $i< $this->argc ; $i++)
if ( $this->parsed[$i][0] == $argumento )
return $i;
return 0;
}
//Testing if you have passed a estra argument, -xxxx1 xxxxx2
function full_passed($argumento) {
$findArg = $this->passed($argumento);
if ( $findArg )
if ( count($this->parsed[$findArg] ) > 1 )
return $findArg;
return 0;
}
//Returns xxxxx2 at a " -xxxx1 xxxxx2" call
function get_full_passed($argumento) {
$findArg = $this->full_passed($argumento);
if ( $findArg )
return $this->parsed[$findArg][1];
return;
}
//Necessary parameters to script
function force() {
if ( is_array( $this->force_this ) ) {
for($i=0 ; $i< count($this->force_this) ; $i++) {
if ( $this->force_this[$i][1] == "SIMPLE"
&& !$this->passed($this->force_this[$i][0])
)
die("\n\nMissing " . $this->force_this[$i][0] . "\n\n");
if ( $this->force_this[$i][1] == "FULL"
&& !$this->full_passed($this->force_this[$i][0])
)
die("\n\nMissing " . $this->force_this[$i][0] ." <arg>\n\n");
}
}
}
}
//Example
$forcar = array(
array("-name", "FULL"),
array("-email","SIMPLE") );
$parser = new arg_parser($forcar);
if ( $parser->passed("-show") )
echo "\nGoing...:";
echo "\nName: " . $parser->get_full_passed("-name");
if ( $parser->full_passed("-email") )
echo "\nEmail: " . $parser->get_full_passed("-email");
else
echo "\nEmail: default";
if ( $parser->full_passed("-copy") )
echo "\nCopy To: " . $parser->get_full_passed("-copy");
echo "\n\n";
?>
TESTING
=====
[diego@Homer diego]$ ./en_arg_parser.php -name -email cool -copy Ana
Missing -name <arg>
[diego@Homer diego]$ ./en_arg_parser.php -name diego -email cool -copy Ana
Name: diego
Email: cool
Copy To: Ana
[diego@Homer diego]$ ./en_arg_parser.php -name diego -email -copy Ana
Name: diego
Email: default
Copy To: Ana
[diego@Homer diego]$ ./en_arg_parser.php -name diego -email
Name: diego
Email: default
[diego@Homer diego]$
rh@hdesigndotdemondotcodotuk
25-Apr-2005 10:28
25-Apr-2005 10:28
In a bid to save time out of lives when calling up php from the Command Line on Mac OS X.
I just wasted hours on this. Having written a routine which used the MCRYPT library, and tested it via a browser, I then set up a crontab to run the script from the command line every hour (to do automated backups from mysql using mysqldump, encrypt them using mcrypt, then email them and ftp them off to remote locations).
Everything worked fine from the browser, but failed every time from the cron task with "Call to undefined function: mcrypt [whatever]".
Only after much searching do I realise that the CGI and CLI versions are differently compiled, and have different modules attached (I'm using the entropy.ch install for Mac OS-X, php v4.3.2 and mysql v4.0.18).
I still can not find a way to resolve the problem, so I have decided instead to remove the script from the SSL side of the server, and run it using a crontab with CURL to localhost or 127.0.0.1 in order that it will run through Apache's php module.
Just thought this might help some other people tearing their hair out. If anyone knows a quick fix to add the mcrypt module onto the CLI php without any tricky re-installing, it'd be really helpful.
Meantime the workaround does the job, not as neatly though.
merrittd at dhcmc dot com
28-Mar-2005 11:23
28-Mar-2005 11:23
Example 43-2 shows how to create a DOS batch file to run a PHP script form the command line using:
@c:\php\cli\php.exe script.php %1 %2 %3 %4
Here is an updated version of the DOS batch file:
@c:\php\cli\php.exe %~n0.php %*
This will run a PHP file (i.e. script.php) with the same base file name (i.e. script) as the DOS batch file (i.e. script.bat) and pass all parameters (not just the first four as in example 43-2) from the DOS batch file to the PHP file.
This way all you have to do is copy/rename the DOS batch file to match the name of your PHP script file without ever having to actually modify the contents of the DOS batch file to match the file name of the PHP script.
bertrand at toggg dot com
07-Mar-2005 05:40
07-Mar-2005 05:40
If you want to pass directly PHP code to the interpreter and you don't have only CGI, not the CLI SAPI so you miss the -r option.
If you're lucky enough to be on a nix like system, then tou can still use the pipe solution as the 3. way to command CLI SAPI described above, using a pipe ('|').
Then works for CGI SAPI:
$ echo '<?php echo "coucou\n"; phpinfo(); /* or any code */ ?>' | php
NOTE: unlike commands passed to the -r option, here you NEED the PHP tags.
jeromenelson at gmail dot com
07-Mar-2005 10:21
07-Mar-2005 10:21
This is the most simple way to get the named parameter. Write the script test.php as ...
<?
echo "Yo! my name is ".$_REQUEST["name"]."\n";
?>
and run this program as follows
# php -f test.php name=Jerry
Yo! my name is Jerry
I am using PHP 4.3.3 (CGI) in Fedora Core 1 and It is working perfectly
God Bless You!
obfuscated at emailaddress dot com
25-Feb-2005 05:15
25-Feb-2005 05:15
This posting is not a php-only problem, but hopefully will save someone a few hours of headaches. Running on MacOS (although this could happen on any *nix I suppose), I was unable to get the script to execute without specifically envoking php from the command line:
[macg4:valencia/jobs] tim% test.php
./test.php: Command not found.
However, it worked just fine when php was envoked on the command line:
[macg4:valencia/jobs] tim% php test.php
Well, here we are... Now what?
Was file access mode set for executable? Yup.
[macg4:valencia/jobs] tim% ls -l
total 16
-rwxr-xr-x 1 tim staff 242 Feb 24 17:23 test.php
And you did, of course, remember to add the php command as the first line of your script, yeah? Of course.
#!/usr/bin/php
<?php print "Well, here we are... Now what?\n"; ?>
So why dudn't it work? Well, like I said... on a Mac.... but I also occasionally edit the files on my Windows portable (i.e. when I'm travelling and don't have my trusty Mac available)... Using, say, WordPad on Windows... and BBEdit on the Mac...
Aaahhh... in BBEdit check how the file is being saved! Mac? Unix? or Dos? Bingo. It had been saved as Dos format. Change it to Unix:
[macg4:valencia/jobs] tim% ./test.php
Well, here we are... Now what?
[macg4:valencia/jobs] tim%
NB: If you're editing your php files on multiple platforms (i.e. Windows and Linux), make sure you double check the files are saved in a Unix format... those \r's and \n's 'll bite cha!
db at digitalmediacreation dot ch
22-Feb-2005 08:49
22-Feb-2005 08:49
A very important point missing here (I lost hours on it and hope to avoid this to you) :
* When using PHP as CGI
* When you just become crazy because of "No input file specified" appearing on the web page, while it never appears directly in the shell
Then I have a solution for you :
1. Create a script for example called cgiwrapper.cgi
2. Put inside :
#!/bin/sh -
export SCRIPT_FILENAME=/var/www/realpage.php
/usr/bin/php -f $SCRIPT_FILENAME
3. Name your page realpage.php
For example with thttpd the problem is that SCRIPT_FILENAME is not defined, while PHP absolutely requires it.
My solution corrects that problem !
Flo
11-Feb-2005 01:03
11-Feb-2005 01:03
On windows try ctrl-m or ctrl-z to run code in interactive (-a) mode
(*nix ctrl-d)
ken.gregg at rwre dot com
09-Jan-2005 10:38
09-Jan-2005 10:38
If you want to use named command line parameters in your script,
the following code will parse command line parameters in the form
of name=value and place them in the $_REQUEST super global array.
cli_test.php
<?php
echo "argv[] = ";
print_r($argv); // just to see what was passed in
if ($argc > 0)
{
for ($i=1;$i < $argc;$i++)
{
parse_str($argv[$i],$tmp);
$_REQUEST = array_merge($_REQUEST, $tmp);
}
}
echo "\$_REQUEST = ";
print_r($_REQUEST);
?>
rwre:~/tmp$ /usr/local/bin/php cli_test.php foo=1 bar=2 third=a+value
argv[] = Array
(
[0] => t.php
[1] => foo=1
[2] => bar=2
[3] => third=a+value
)
$_REQUEST = Array
(
[foo] => 1
[bar] => 2
[third] => a value
)
Ben Jenkins
22-Dec-2004 06:23
22-Dec-2004 06:23
This took me all day to figure out, so I hope posting it here saves someone some time:
Your PHP-CLI may have a different php.ini than your apache-php. For example: On my Debian-based system, I discovered I have /etc/php4/apache/php.ini and /etc/php4/cli/php.ini
If you want MySQL support in the CLI, make sure the line
extension=mysql.so
is not commented out.
The differences in php.ini files may also be why some scripts will work when called through a web browser, but will not work when called via the command line.
david at acz dot org
23-Sep-2004 09:46
23-Sep-2004 09:46
If you want an interactive command line shell for PHP to test out code, give phpa a try:
http://david.acz.org/phpa/
linn at backendmedia dot com
06-Feb-2004 03:12
06-Feb-2004 03:12
For those of you who want the old CGI behaviour that changes to the actual directory of the script use:
chdir(dirname($_SERVER['argv'][0]));
at the beginning of your scripts.
ben at slax0rnet dot com
03-Feb-2004 04:34
03-Feb-2004 04:34
Just a note for people trying to use interactive mode from the commandline.
The purpose of interactive mode is to parse code snippits without actually leaving php, and it works like this:
[root@localhost php-4.3.4]# php -a
Interactive mode enabled
<?php echo "hi!"; ?>
<note, here we would press CTRL-D to parse everything we've entered so far>
hi!
<?php